Make Cauliflower Cream Sauce:
Add cauliflower florets to a medium saucepan and cover with just enough water.
Simmer over medium heat until fork-tender (5–7 minutes), then drain, reserving ½ cup of cooking water.
Blend cauliflower with 1 tablespoon olive oil, nutritional yeast/Parmesan, salt, pepper, garlic powder, and onion powder until smooth and creamy. Add reserved water gradually to adjust consistency.
Prepare Casserole:
Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C) and grease an 8×8-inch baking dish with remaining olive oil.
Microwave broccoli with 2 tablespoons water for 3–4 minutes, until just tender.
In a large bowl, mix broccoli, cooked chicken, and cauliflower sauce until combined.
Transfer mixture to the prepared dish and top with shredded cheddar cheese.
Bake:
Bake uncovered for 15–20 minutes, until cheese is melted and edges are golden.
Optional: Broil for 1–2 minutes for a crispier top. Let rest 5 minutes before serving.